Overview & Key Points
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Margins slipped slightly from last month, as lower feed costs were more than offset by lower milk prices. However, the outlook for the remainder of the year is strong relative to Q2 2025.
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Q3 2025’s estimated margins fell $0.85/cwt from the prior month, fueled by a drop in nearby Class III futures, particularly in July (-$2.35/cwt) and August (-$1.35/cwt). A softer cheese market, influenced by lower spot prices, pulled milk values down. Stronger milk and component production has been a trend this year, and when combined with growing cheese output from expanding processing capacity, it has added pressure to milk prices.
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Looking ahead, Class III and IV futures have softened compared to last month. At the same time, corn and soybean meal prices have moved lower, largely driven by favorable weather conditions across key growing regions. Still, the decline in feed costs has not been sufficient to outweigh the impact of falling milk prices in Q4 2025 and Q1 2026.
Change in CME Futures from Last Month
Projected Margins by Quarter
This report is intended to be a simple barometer of the margin potential for dairy farms in the United States. This is not necessarily an accurate measure of a specific farm’s profitability, as margins can vary greatly from farm to farm. If you are interested in customizing this model to your operation, please email us at info@highgrounddairy.com to learn more.
Beginning with June 2025, milk price projections utilize the new FMMO pricing formulas set forth in USDA’s Final Rule released on January 17, 2025. A negative change in feed cost vs. prior week means feed prices decreased. Percentiles compare the listed price to quarters with the previous ten years of data. Higher percentiles represent greater historical benefits to producers.
Assumptions: All projections are estimated on an accrual basis. Quarterly margins are determined using current CME futures prices for dairy products, corn, and soybean meal. Milk prices are derived from CME dairy product futures and adjusted for component levels and class utilization. Assumed component levels by quarter are: 4.30% BF / 3.40% PRO in Q1 & Q4 and 4.00% BF / 3.20% PRO in Q2 & Q3. Component estimates are based on recent data available for milk composition levels across the US. Class utilization is set to 55% Class III / 45% Class IV. Feed costs are calculated using CME corn and soybean meal futures (“correlated feeds”) and a fixed value for non-correlated feeds at $3.00/cwt. Correlated feed costs are based on the assumption that 60 lbs of corn (or its equivalents) and 14.7 lbs of soybean meal (or its equivalents) are required to produce 100 lbs of milk. A basis adjustment of +$1.00/bushel is added to corn futures, and no basis is added to soybean meal futures. The remaining adjustments are fixed at: -$8.00/cwt for total non-feed costs; -$1.30/cwt for milk check premiums/deductions; and +$1.50 for non-milk revenue.
Disclaimer: HighGround Insurance Group (HGIG) is an agency affiliated with HighGround Dairy (HGD). HGIG is a licensed insurance agency in many US states. HighGround Dairy is a division of HighGround Trading (HGT), an Introducing Broker (IB) registered under United States Laws. Nothing contained herein shall be construed as a recommendation to buy or sell commodity futures or options on futures. This communication is intended for the sole use of the intended recipient. Futures and options trading involves substantial risk and is not suitable for all investors.
